Birth injury to brainstem

Definition

This injury is usually associated with difficult breech deliveries and usually involves injury to the cranial nerves and deeper structures of the brain. When there is brain stem involvement secondary to a birth injury clinical symptoms may include abnormalities in respiration, heart rate, swallowing and level of alertness. The extent of the brain stem injury depends on the severity of the insult and the associated neurological components.

Exclusions

• Fracture, dislocation or subluxation of spine due to birth injury

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