Subgaleal epicranial subaponeurotic haemorrhage due to birth injury

Definition

Subgaleal haemorrhage is a collection of blood in the space between the epicranial aponeurosis of the scalp and the periosteum of the skull. It is most commonly caused by rupture of the emissary veins which connect the dural sinuses and scalp veins. It may also result from an associated skull fracture or rupture of an interosseous synchondrosis. It is most often associated with vacuum extraction and forceps delivery but can occur spontaneously. It is not limited by suture lines and massive bleeding, anemia, hypovolemia, hyperbilirubinemia, seizures and shock can follow.

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